DNA Research

Information on Y-chromosome, mitochondrial, and autosomal DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) research on the Belnap, Knight, and McBride families is available here:

Y-Chromosome (Y-DNA) Research

Human cells have 23 pairs of chromosomes or DNA molecules, consisting of 22 pairs of autosomes and one pair of sex chromosomes.  The Y-chromosome is one of two sex chromosomes on the 23rd pair of human chromosomes.  (The other is the X-chromosome.)  The Y-chromosome is the sex-determining chromosome, since it is the presence or absence of the Y-chromosome that determines the male or female sex of offspring from sexual reproduction.  Only males have a Y-chromosome, because women have two X chromosomes in their 23rd pair of chromosomes.

A Y-chromosome DNA test (“Y-DNA test”) is a DNA test often used to confirm through the science of genetic testing a male’s patrilineal or direct father’s-line ancestry.  The Y-chromosome, like a patrilineal surname, passes down usually unchanged from father to son.  However, occasional mistakes or “mutations” in the DNA replication or copying process of the Y-chromosome occur.  Such mutations can be used to estimate the time frame in which the two individuals share a most recent common ancestor or “MRCA.”  Test results that are a perfect or nearly perfect match with others indicate biological relationship within recent genealogical time.  Two matched persons can use their genetic relationship to find their MRCA, (as well as whatever information the other already has about their joint patriline or father’s line prior to the MRCA).  Y-DNA tests are often coordinated in a “common surname” DNA project.  Y-DNA tests are also useful in establishing the “haplogroup” or general grouping indicating one’s more distant genetic patrilineal origin.

Only males can take Y-DNA tests, since females lack a Y-chromosome.  Females who wish to determine their direct paternal DNA ancestry can ask their father, a brother, a paternal uncle, their paternal grandfather, a paternal nephew, or a male cousin who shares the same surname lineage (the same Y-DNA) to take a Y-DNA test for them.

Testing of Y-DNA lineage from father to son may reveal complications due to unusual mutations, secret adoptions, or “non-paternity” events (i.e., where the presumed father evidenced in written records such as a birth certificate is not the biological father).  Comparisons of Y-DNA lineages are useful for males to confirm unbroken male-only descents from a common male ancestor.

Gilbert Belnap Male Descendants Y-DNA Test Comparison Results (for male descendants surnamed “Belnap”–including instances of surname change due to adoption, remarriage, assumed surname, “paternity” event, etc.)

  • Gilbert Belnap → Hyrum Belnap → Arias Guy Belnap → Gordon Leslie Belnap:
    • Y-DNA Haplogroup R-FT414242 (subgroup of parent R-M269) (FamilyTreeDNA “Big Y-700” test; conducted 2020; Kit No. B666870)
  • Gilbert Belnap → Francis Marion Belnap → George Ellis Belnap → Francis Alvin (“Bud”) Belnap → Robert Kirk Belnap:
    • Y-DNA Haplogroup R-FT414242 (subgroup of parent R-M269) (FamilyTreeDNA “Big Y-700” test; conducted 2020)
  • Gilbert Belnap → Hyrum Belnap → Arias Guy Belnap → Gordon Leslie Belnap → Brent Jay Belnap:
    • Y-DNA Haplogroup R1b (Ancestry.com 46-marker test; conducted 2009)
    • Y-DNA Haplogroup R-U152 (“parent” branch of R-FT414242 and subgroup of parent R-M269) (23andMe.com; conducted 2018)

Additional Belknap-Belnap Surname Y-DNA Test Comparison Results (for Belknap-Belnap males connected further back from Gilbert Belnap)

  • Ebenezer Belknap → John Belknap → Joseph Belknap → Joseph Belknap → Levi L. Belknap → Joseph Samuel Belknap → Henry Ellis Belknap → Lloyd Raymond Belknap → Carl Ellis Belknap → Monte Belknap:
    • Y-DNA Haplogroup R-FT443027 (subgroup of parent R-M269) (FamilyTreeDNA “Big Y-700” test; conducted 2022; Kit No. MK75721)

Knight Surname Y-DNA Test Comparison Results (for direct male “Knight” relatives of Vinson Knight)

  • Vinson Knight → James Vinson Knight → James Aubrey Knight → Jesse Aubrey Knight → Jess Leo Knight:

McBride Surname Y-DNA Test Comparison Results (for direct male “McBride” relatives of Daniel McBride)

  • Daniel McBride → James McBride → George McBride → William Alvin McBride → David Lester McBride → Lee Brown McBride → Stephen Lee McBride → Matthew Stephen McBride:
    • Y-DNA Haplogroup R-M269 (FamilyTreeDNA “Big Y-700” test; conducted 2022; Kit No. MK75718)

Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) Research

A mitochondrion is a component of a human cell and contains its own DNA.  Unlike chromosomal or genome DNA, which contains the vast majority of an individual’s genetic information, mitochondrial DNA (“mtDNA”) is a special sort of DNA.  mtDNA is transmitted exclusively from mother to child, making possible the tracing of a direct maternal ancestor using mtDNA.  The transmission occurs with relatively rare mutations compared to chromosomal DNA.  Because mtDNA is not passed from the sperm to the egg during fertilization, mtDNA comes only from the mother.  Thus, mtDNA results will be consistent among the members of one’s direct maternal line.  In other words, a person’s mtDNA results will be the same for that person’s mother and siblings, her mother, and so on along the direct matrilineal line.

A perfect match to another person’s mtDNA test results indicates shared ancestry of possibly between 1 and 50 generations ago.  More distant matching to a specific haplogroup or subclade may be linked to a common geographic origin.  As both men and women have mtDNA, both can take an mtDNA test.

Although Adaline Knight and Henrietta McBride, first cousins, share a common grandmother, they have different direct-line maternal ancestries:  Adaline Knight’s mother, Martha McBride Knight, was the daughter of Abigail Mead.  Henrietta McBride’s mother was Betsey Mead and her paternal grandmother, through her father James McBride, was the son of Abigail Mead.

Adaline Knight mtDNA Test Comparison Results (for direct female-to-female-only relatives of Adaline Knight)

  • Adaline Knight → Martha Jane Belnap → Lettie Matilda Hammon → Verda Stoker → Neil Stoker Nelson:  mtDNA Haplogroup V10b

Henrietta McBride mtDNA Test Comparison Results (for direct female-to-female-only relatives of Henrietta McBride)

  • [TO COME]

Autosomal DNA Research

Autosomal DNA is the DNA that is contained in the 22 pairs of chromosomes not involved in determining a person’s sex.  Autosomal DNA recombines each generation.  New offspring inherit one set of chromosomes equally from both parents and roughly equally from grandparents to about 3x great-grand parents.  Therefore, the number of markers (one of two or more known variants in the genome at a particular location–known as single-nucleotide polymorphisms or “SNPs”) inherited from a specific ancestor decreases by about half each generation; that is, an individual receives half of their markers from each parent, about a quarter of their markers from each grandparent; about an eighth of their markers from each great grandparent, etc.  Inheritance is more random and unequal from more distant ancestors.

Autosomal DNA tests are useful in identifying biological relationships on both one’s father’s and mother’s sides, up to about 4th cousins.  The sex of the individual tested and the genders of the intervening ancestors and relatives is not important–autosomal DNA picks up relationships on both sides of one’s family.  One difficulty, however, is that autosomal DNA tests can’t identify exactly which ancestor is shared in common.  Autosomal DNA is used to confirm “that” there is a relationship but–except for very close relatives–autosomal DNA cannot identify exactly “how” persons are related.  Relationships are verified through the amount of shared DNA measured in “centimorgans.”

In genetics, a centimorgan (abbreviated “cM”) is a unit of genetic measurement.  It is what experts use to describe how much DNA and the length of specific segments of DNA a person shares with his or her relatives.  These shared segments are divided up into centimorgans.  The more centimorgans shared with someone, the more closely that other person is related.  Stated another way, the higher the number, the closer the relationship.  (A very useful chart from FamilySearch.org that provides estimates of what certain numbers of shared centimorgans mean in terms of relationship distance is available here.)  Autosomal DNA and centimorgan units might be thought of as a sort of “relative” (as in proximity and, literally, blood relationship) triangulation tool that indicates distance from a common source (a shared ancestor) and proximity to another measuring point (another tested descendant).  Importantly, autosomal DNA matches confirm lines of descent from the common ancestor for both matched descendants.

A large number of direct lineal descendants of Gilbert Belnap through both of his wives, Adaline Knight and Henrietta McBride, have taken the autosomal DNA test offered by Ancestry.com or other DNA test providers.  As a result, many have confirmed their direct biological lineage from Gilbert Belnap, thereby removing any “non-paternity” event concerns–insofar as their genealogical descent from Gilbert Belnap is concerned.

Presented below is just a small sampling of reported autosomal DNA connections indicating “confirmed descent” between documented/identified descendants of Gilbert Belnap (females are listed by maiden name).  For purposes of establishing a baseline for analyzing relationships, the “anchor descendant” used here is Brent Jay Belnap, great great grandson of Gilbert Belnap and Adaline Knight through their son Hyrum Belnap, then Arias Guy Belnap, then Gordon Leslie Belnap.  Next to each individual’s name are the centimorgans and segments, indicating the relative genetic degree of closeness to the “anchor descendant.”  Centimorgan ranges from the chart noted above that confirm each relationship are noted beside each relationship level.  Persons marked with a double asterisk (“**”) are great grandchildren of Gilbert Belnap and one of his wives, either Adaline Knight or Henrietta McBride, and represent the earliest available DNA-tested relatives among Gilbert Belnap’s descendants.

Ancestry.com autosomal DNA matches confirming descent from Gilbert Belnap, using Gilbert’s great great grandson Brent Jay Belnap as “Anchor Descendant”:

  • Immediate Family–Parents and Children (3330–3720 cM range)
    • Gordon Leslie Belnap–Father:  Shared DNA:  3,452 cM across 25 segments  ** great grandson of Gilbert Belnap/Adaline Knight through Hyrum
    • David Gilbert Belnap–Son:  Shared DNA:  3,431 cM across 33 segments (longest segment 282 cM)
    • Caroline Janae Belnap–Daughter:  Shared DNA:  3,482 cM across 23 segments (longest segment 282 cM)
    • Christopher Alan Belnap–Son:  Shared DNA:  3,475 cM across 27 segments (longest segment 282 cM)
    • Spencer Joseph Belnap–Son:  Shared DNA:  3,479 cM across 26 segments (longest segment 282 cM)
    • Rebecca Joy Belnap–Daughter:  Shared DNA:  3,480 cM across 24 segments (longest segment 282 cM)
    • Nathan Jared Belnap–Son:  Shared DNA:  3,481 cM across 26 segments (longest segment 282 cM)
  • First Cousins (direct descendants of Arias Guy Belnap) (553–1225 cM range) (hereinafter sorted by cM)
    • Cynthia Lee Belnap:  Shared DNA:  957 cM across 34 segments
    • Jeane Erickson:  Shared DNA:  878 cM across 33 segments
    • Howard Evans:  Shared DNA:  859 cM across 36 segments
    • Sharon Lisa Belnap:  Shared DNA:  814 cM across 29 segments
    • Chris Leonard Erickson:  Shared DNA:  757 cM across 35 segments
  • First Cousins Once Removed (direct descendants of Arias Guy Belnap) (141–851 cM range)
    • Levi Caleb Brickey:  Shared DNA:  566 cM across 19 segments
    • Joseph Stephen Jay:  Shared DNA:  443 cM across 21 segments
    • Melissa Marie Evans:  Shared DNA:  435 cM across 23 segments
    • Amy Schmidt:  Shared DNA:  392 cM across 20 segments
    • Jacob Rex Brickey:  Shared DNA:  350 cM across 15 segments
    • Noah Wade Brickey:  Shared DNA:  318 cM across 18 segments
  • First Cousins Twice Removed (direct descendants of Arias Guy Belnap) (43–531 cM range)
    • Sara Jane Leonard:  Shared DNA:  223 cM across 13 segments
    • Noah Evans Oehring:  Shared DNA:  209 cM across 12 segments
    • Lindsey Oehring:  Shared DNA:  160 cM across 9 segments
    • Justin Oehring:  Shared DNA:  99 cM across 7 segments
  • Half First Cousins Once Removed (direct descendants of Hyrum Belnap and Christiana Rasmussen) (57-530 cM range)
    • Ronald Foster Belnap:  Shared DNA:  201 cM across 8 segments  ** great grandson of Gilbert Belnap/Adaline Knight through Hyrum
    • Walter Belnap Kerr:  Shared DNA:  Shared DNA: 135 cM across 8 segments  ** great grandson of Gilbert Belnap/Adaline Knight through Hyrum
  • Second Cousins (direct descendants of Hyrum Belnap and Anna Constantia Bluth) (46–515 cM range)
    • Carol Belnap:  Shared DNA:  323 cM across 9 segments
    • Marty Marie Belnap:  Shared DNA:  233 cM across 8 segments
    • Darlene Jean Belnap:  Shared DNA:  224 cM across 9 segments
  • Second Cousins Once Removed (direct descendants of Hyrum Belnap and Anna Constantia Bluth) (0–316 cM range)
    • Sadie Brenna Green:  Shared DNA:  155 cM across 6 segments
  • Second Cousins Once Removed (direct descendants of Gilbert Belnap and Adaline Knight) (0–316 cM range)
    • Delbert Wade Smith:  Shared DNA:  213 cM across 9 segments  ** great grandson of Gilbert Belnap/Adaline Knight through Lola Almira
    • Blanche Joanne Cutler:  Shared DNA:  189 cM across 9 segments  ** great granddaughter of Gilbert Belnap/Adaline Knight through Joseph
    • Steven Ralph Smith:  Shared DNA:  186 cM across 11 segments  ** great grandson of Gilbert Belnap/Adaline Knight through Lola Almira
    • Shauna Leigh Lowe:  Shared DNA:  182 cM across 11 segments  ** great granddaughter of Gilbert Belnap/Adaline Knight through Adaline Lorinda
    • Melvin Wesley Cox:  Shared DNA:  180 cM across 11 segments  ** great grandson of Gilbert Belnap/Adaline Knight through Reuben
    • Norman Valdon Belnap:  Shared DNA: 169 cM across 6 segments  ** great grandson of Gilbert Belnap/Adaline Knight through Augustus Weber
    • Garth Lowe Palmer:  Shared DNA:  161 cM across 10 segments  ** great grandson of Gilbert Belnap/Adaline Knight through Mary Louisa
    • Dorald Paul Smith:  Shared DNA:  150 cM across 7 segments  ** great grandson of Gilbert Belnap/Adaline Knight through Lola Almira
    • Janice McEntire:  Shared DNA:  145 cM across 8 segments  ** great granddaughter of Gilbert Belnap/Adaline Knight through Martha Jane
    • Kathleen Mary Baker:  Shared DNA:  144 cM across 6 segments  ** great granddaughter of Gilbert Belnap/Adaline Knight through Lola Almira
    • Phyllis Sommer:  Shared DNA:  141 cM across 5 segments  ** great granddaughter of Gilbert Belnap/Adaline Knight through Augustus Weber
    • Reed “B” Sommer:  Shared DNA:  130 cM across 4 segments  ** great grandson of Gilbert Belnap/Adaline Knight through Augustus Weber
    • Geniel Lowe:  Shared DNA:  126 cM across 6 segments  ** great granddaughter of Gilbert Belnap/Adaline Knight through Adaline Lorinda
    • Bruce Whittier Hammon:  Shared DNA:  111 cM across 7 segments  ** great grandson of Gilbert Belnap/Adaline Knight through Martha Jane
    • Charles Belnap Jeppson:  Shared DNA:  110 cM across 5 segments  ** great grandson of Gilbert Belnap/Adaline Knight through Augustus Weber
    • Jean Hammon:  Shared DNA:  101 cM across 4 segments  ** great granddaughter of Gilbert Belnap/Adaline Knight through Martha Jane
    • Mary Carrol Sommer:  Shared DNA:  100 cM across 6 segments  ** great granddaughter of Gilbert Belnap/Adaline Knight through Augustus Weber
    • Zina Ellender Belnap:  Shared DNA:  97 cM across 4 segments  ** great granddaughter of Gilbert Belnap/Adaline Knight through Reuben
    • Glen Hammon McEntire:  Shared DNA:  96 cM across 6 segments  ** great grandson of Gilbert Belnap/Adaline Knight through Martha Jane
    • Gwen Law:  Shared DNA:  80 cM across 5 segments  ** great granddaughter of Gilbert Belnap/Adaline Knight through Adaline Lorinda
    • David William Coolbear:  Shared DNA:  69 cM across 6 segments  ** great grandson of Gilbert Belnap/Adaline Knight through Lola Almira
    • Ilana Crow:  Shared DNA: 67 cM across 6 segments  ** great granddaughter of Gilbert Belnap/Adaline Knight through Lola Almira
    • Marie Law:  Shared DNA:  65 cM across 5 segments  ** great granddaughter of Gilbert Belnap/Adaline Knight through Adaline Lorinda
    • Ronald LeRoy Baker:  Shared DNA:  56 cM across 4 segments  ** great grandson of Gilbert Belnap/Adaline Knight through Lola Almira
    • Norma Jean Smith:  Shared DNA:  54 cM across 4 segments  ** great granddaughter of Gilbert Belnap/Adaline Knight through Lola Almira
    • Diann McEntire:  Shared DNA:  50 cM across 3 segments  ** great granddaughter of Gilbert Belnap/Adaline Knight through Martha Jane
    • Darlena Cathern Belnap:  Shared DNA:  47 cM across 2 segments  ** great granddaughter of Gilbert Belnap/Adaline Knight through Reuben
    • Orvid Belnap Jeppson:  Shared DNA:  45 cM across 4 segments  ** great grandson of Gilbert Belnap/Adaline Knight through Augustus Weber
    • Dale LeRoy Hammon:  Shared DNA:  38 cM across 3 segments  ** great grandson of Gilbert Belnap/Adaline Knight through Martha Jane
    • John Merle Wiser:  Shared DNA:  27 cM across 2 segments  ** great grandson of Gilbert Belnap/Adaline Knight through Mary Louisa
  • Half Second Cousins (direct descendants of Hyrum Belnap and Christiana Rasmussen) (9–397 cM range)
    • Mark Alan Flanders:  Shared DNA:  138 cM across 5 segments
    • Edward Dean Flanders, Jr.:  Shared DNA:  98 cM across 2 segments  [UPDATE SEGMENTS FROM HERE FORWARD]
    • John Knight Kerr:  Shared DNA:  39 cM across 5 segments
    • Glen Kerr Tolman:  Shared DNA:  38 cM across 2 segments
    • Grant Mercer Kerr:  Shared DNA:  24 cM across 2 segments
  • Half Second Cousins Once Removed (direct descendants of Hyrum Belnap and Christiana Rasmussen) (0–341 cM range)
    • Tamara Mae Lynch:  Shared DNA: 24 cM across 3 segments
  • Half Second Cousins Once Removed (direct descendants of Gilbert Belnap and Henrietta McBride) (0-341 cM range)
    • Robert Blaine Fowers:  Shared DNA:  164 cM across 8 segments  ** great grandson of Gilbert Belnap/Henrietta McBride through Francis Marion
    • Marilyn Jessie Belnap:  Shared DNA:  120 cM across 3 segments  ** great granddaughter of Gilbert Belnap/Henrietta McBride through Francis Marion
    • Ronald Victor Belnap:  Shared DNA:  107 cM across 5 segments  ** great grandson of Gilbert Belnap/Henrietta McBride through Francis Marion
    • Wilford Dean Belnap:  Shared DNA: 77 cM across 3 segments  ** great grandson of Gilbert Belnap/Henrietta McBride through Oliver
    • Hal Ross Belnap:  Shared DNA:  62 cM across 3 segments  ** great grandson of Gilbert Belnap/Henrietta McBride through Oliver
    • LaRue Belnap:  Shared DNA:  54 cM across 2 segments  ** great granddaughter of Gilbert Belnap/Henrietta McBride through Oliver
    • William James Black:  Shared DNA:  41 cM across 4 segments  ** great grandson of Gilbert Belnap/Henrietta McBride through William James
    • Ray Dean Stoddard:  Shared DNA:  40 cM across 2 segments  ** great grandson of Gilbert Belnap/Henrietta McBride through Isadora
    • Dora Mae Stoddard:  Shared DNA:  33 cM across 2 segments  ** great granddaughter of Gilbert Belnap/Henrietta McBride through Isadora Estella
    • Lee Hal Stoddard:  Shared DNA:  25 cM across 1 segments [NEW TEST PENDING]  ** great grandson of Gilbert Belnap/Henrietta McBride through Isadora Estella
  • Third Cousins (direct descendants of Gilbert Belnap and Adaline Knight) (0–217 cM range)
    • Retta Gaynith Jeffries:  Shared DNA:  183 cM across 11 segments
    • Marlene Vander Does:  Shared DNA:  125 cM across 8 segments
    • Melissa Joy Riddle:  Shared DNA:  125 cM across 7 segments
    • Cameron Erland Preece:  Shared DNA:  124 cM across 7 segments
    • [Theron Mark Stoddard]:  Shared DNA:  119 cM across 6 segments
    • Carolyn Ethel Vander Does:  Shared DNA:  117 cM across 7 segments
    • Marilyn Van Orden:  Shared DNA:  100 cM across 7 segments
    • Cheryl Anne Marriott:  Shared DNA:  97 cM across 5 segments
    • Robert Hammon Brooks:  Shared DNA:  91 cM across 4 segments
    • Danny “J” Earl:  Shared DNA:  73 cM across 5 segments
    • Chris Allen Carter:  Shared DNA:  68 cM across 5 segments
    • Steven Leon Carn:  Shared DNA:  64 cM across 7 segments
    • Virginia Lee Bell:  Shared DNA:  64 cM across 4 segments
    • Jimmie Lee Guinn:  Shared DNA:  55 cM across 5 segments
    • Margo Helen Marriott:  Shared DNA:  37 cM across 3 segments
    • Vanae Stoker:  Shared DNA:  24 cM across 4 segments
    • Mark Jordan Goodmansen:  Shared DNA:  23 cM across 2 segments
    • Michael Ray Lewis:  Shared DNA:  22 cM across 1 segments
  • Third Cousins Once Removed (direct descendants of Gilbert Belnap and Adaline Knight) (0-173 cM range)
    • Alynne Hendricks:  Shared DNA:  24 cM across 2 segments
    • Scott Wheelwright:  Shared DNA:  23 cM across 2 segments
    • Catherine Ann Bono:  Shared DNA:  23 cM across 1 segments
    • Daryl “M” Stoker:  Shared DNA:  21 cM across 3 segments
    • Rebecca Kaye Knight:  Shared DNA:  21 cM across 2 segments
    • Nancy Irene Anderson:  Shared DNA:  21 cM across 1 segments
  • Third Cousins Twice Removed (direct descendants of Gilbert Belnap and Adaline Knight) (0-116 cM range)
    • Jordan Jeffries:  Shared DNA:  21 cM across 3 segments
  • Half Third Cousins (direct descendants of Gilbert Belnap and Henrietta McBride) (0–178 cM range)
    • Gerald Taylor Becraft:  Shared DNA:  113 cM across 7 segments
    • Maxcene Belnap:  Shared DNA:  97 cM across 5 segments
    • Jason Brooks Belnap:  Shared DNA:  62 cM across 4 segments
    • Bruce Eugene Hansen:  Shared DNA:  57 cM across 5 segments
    • Verna Dial:  Shared DNA:  23 cM across 3 segments
    • Raymon William Naisbitt:  Shared DNA:  20 cM across 2 segments
  • Half Third Cousins Once Removed (direct descendants of Gilbert Belnap and Henrietta McBride) (0-165 cM range)
    • Alex Scott Dial:  Shared DNA:  23 cM across 2 segments
    • Jeff Reese:  Shared DNA:  23 cM across 1 segments

Direct-line ancestors of Gilbert Belnap deemed “confirmed” through Ancestry.com autosomal DNA matches with non-descendants of Gilbert Belnap (based on multiple DNA matches with Gilbert Belnap’s great grandson Gordon Leslie Belnap as “Anchor Descendant” that conform with Gilbert Belnap’s known documented lineage):

  • Gilbert Belnap’s parents
    • Rosel Belnap (1789-1832) (multiple autosomal DNA matches through Gilbert Belnap’s sibling Phoebe Rebeckah Belnap (1812-1888))
    • Jane Richmond (1782-1833) (multiple autosomal DNA matches through Gilbert Belnap’s sibling Phoebe Rebeckah Belnap (1812-1888))
  • Gilbert Belnap’s grandparents
    • Jesse Belnap (1760-1854) (no known/available autosomal DNA matches through Rosel Belnap’s siblings but confirmed DNA links to parents)
    • Eunice Hall (1762-1849) (no known/available autosomal DNA matches through Rosel Belnap’s siblings but confirmed DNA links to parents)
    • Sylvester Richmond (1727-1803/04) (multiple autosomal DNA matches through Jane Richmond’s siblings)
    • Jane Bowerman (1750-after 1785) (multiple autosomal DNA matches through Jane Richmond’s siblings)
  • Gilbert Belnap’s great grandparents
    • Jesse Belknap (1739-after 1818) (multiple autosomal DNA matches through Jesse Belnap’s half-sibling Ruth Belknap (1782-unknown))
    • Eunice (poss. Hall) (about 1741-1774) (no known/available autosomal DNA matches through Jesse Belnap’s siblings but confirmed DNA links to Hall/Kibbe family)
    • [James Hall (1730-1804)]  [UNDOCUMENTED RELATIONSHIP] (no known/available autosomal DNA matches but confirmed DNA links to parents)
    • [Abigail Beers (1731-1801)]  [UNDOCUMENTED RELATIONSHIP]
    • Cyrus Richmond (about 1692/1698-unknown) (multiple autosomal DNA matches through Sylvester Richmond’s siblings)
    • Phebe Mott (unknown-unknown) (multiple autosomal DNA matches through Sylvester Richmond’s siblings)
    • Ichabod Bowerman (1721-1791) (multiple autosomal DNA matches through Jane Bowerman’s siblings and half-siblings)
    • Lydia Mott (or Petty) (about 1724-1759) (multiple autosomal DNA matches through Jane Bowerman’s siblings; plus potential but not-yet-understood/documented connection to John (Mott) Ackley (1749-1820))
  • Gilbert Belnap’s great great grandparents
    • Samuel Belknap (about 1702-before 1757) (no known/available autosomal DNA matches through Jesse Belknap’s siblings)
    • Mary Dickinson (1703-after 1757) (one autosomal DNA match through Jesse Belknap’s sibling Samuel Belknap (1731-1775))
    • [Ichabod Hall (1701-1787)]  [UNDOCUMENTED RELATIONSHIP] (one autosomal DNA match through Eunice (poss. Hall)’s possible sibling Mary Ann Hall (1745-1825))
    • [Lois Kibbe (1710-1796)]  [UNDOCUMENTED RELATIONSHIP] (one autosomal DNA match through Eunice (poss. Hall)’s possible sibling Mary Ann Hall (1745-1825))
    • Francis Hall (1705-1735) (multiple autosomal DNA matches through James Hall’s siblings)
    • Ann Seeley (1707-1779) (multiple autosomal DNA matches through James Hall’s siblings, including half-sibling through Ann Seeley)
    • [James Beers, Sr. (1694-1772)]  [UNDOCUMENTED RELATIONSHIP]
    • [Olive Buckley (1696-1774)]  [UNDOCUMENTED RELATIONSHIP]
    • John Richmond (about 1660-before 1740) (multiple autosomal DNA matches through Cyrus Richmond’s siblings)
    • Elizabeth Irish (1674-after 1740) (multiple autosomal DNA matches through Cyrus Richmond’s siblings)
    • Adam Mott (unknown-unknown)  [AUTOSOMAL DNA NOT CONFIRMED AT THIS GENERATION LEVEL]
    • Sarah Lott (unknown-unknown)  [AUTOSOMAL DNA NOT CONFIRMED AT THIS GENERATION LEVEL]
    • Thomas Bowerman (about 1682-unknown) (multiple autosomal DNA matches through Ichabod Bowerman’s siblings)
    • Jane Clifton (1697-about 1721)  [AUTOSOMAL DNA NOT CONFIRMED AT THIS GENERATION LEVEL]
    • [Samuel Mott (1669-1753)]  [UNDOCUMENTED RELATIONSHIP]
    • [Mary Brockway (1669-1719)]  [UNDOCUMENTED RELATIONSHIP]

Direct-line ancestors of Adaline Knight deemed “confirmed” through Ancestry.com autosomal DNA matches with non-descendants of Adaline Knight (based on multiple DNA matches with Adaline Knight‘s great grandson Gordon Leslie Belnap as “Anchor Descendant” that conform with Adaline Knight’s known documented lineage):

  • Adaline Knight’s parents
    • Vinson Knight (1804-1842)
    • Martha McBride (1805-1901)
  • Adaline Knight’s grandparents
    • Rodolphus Knight (1768-1809)  [NO KNOWN DIRECT DNA LINKS–NOT CONFIRMED AT THIS GENERATION LEVEL BUT DNA LINKS TO PARENTS]
    • Rizpah Lee (1774-1853)  [NO KNOWN DIRECT DNA LINKS–NOT CONFIRMED AT THIS GENERATION LEVEL BUT DNA LINKS TO GRANDPARENTS]
    • Daniel McBride (1766-1823)
    • Abigail Mead (1770-1854)
  • Adaline Knight’s great grandparents
    • Samuel Knight (1743/1744-1792)
    • Elizabeth or Betsey Elderkin (1747/1748-1829)
    • Sherebiah Lee (1747-1843)  [NO KNOWN DIRECT DNA LINKS–NOT CONFIRMED AT THIS GENERATION LEVEL BUT DNA LINKS TO PARENTS]
    • Esther Miles (1743-1794)  [NO KNOWN DIRECT DNA LINKS–NOT CONFIRMED AT THIS GENERATION LEVEL BUT DNA LINKS TO PARENTS]
    • Samuel McBride (about 1740-before 1789)
    • Margaret Brown (about 1744-after 1794)
    • Gideon Mead (about 1743-1814)
    • Martha Fiske (about 1750-1813)
  • Adaline Knight’s great great grandparents
    • David Knight (1721-1804) (including matches through children from other spouses)
    • Abigail Hutchens (1720-1756)
    • James Elderkin (1725-1807)
    • Betty Waterman (1724-1791)
    • Benjamin Lee (1718-1796) (including matches through children from other spouses)
    • Hannah Morse (1720-1750)
    • Joseph Miles (1709-1766)
    • Jemima Lee (1711-1791)
    • (male) McBride (about 1716-unknown)  [NO KNOWN DIRECT DNA LINKS]
    • (female) McBride (about 1718-unknown)  [NO KNOWN DIRECT DNA LINKS]
    • (male) Brown (about 1720-unknown)  [NO KNOWN DIRECT DNA LINKS]
    • [Margaret Davison (1723-1805)]  [UNDOCUMENTED RELATIONSHIP] (one autosomal DNA match through Margaret Brown’s possible sibling George Richard Brown (1754-1822))
    • Enos Mead (1721-after 1794)
    • Millicent (Meleason) Mead (1724-after 1774)
    • Jonathan Fiske (1706-1756)  [AUTOSOMAL DNA NOT CONFIRMED AT THIS GENERATION LEVEL]
    • Charity or Abigail Mead (1710-unknown)  [AUTOSOMAL DNA NOT CONFIRMED AT THIS GENERATION LEVEL]

Direct-line ancestors of Henrietta McBride deemed “confirmed” through Ancestry.com autosomal DNA matches with non-descendants of Henrietta McBride (based on multiple DNA matches with Henrietta McBride‘s great grand___ [NAME] as “Anchor Descendant” that conform with Henrietta McBride’s known documented lineage):

  • Henrietta McBride’s parents
    • James McBride (1793-1839)  [CONFIRM]
    • Betsy Mead (1802-1881)  [CONFIRM]
  • Henrietta McBride’s grandparents
    • Daniel McBride (1766-1823)  [CONFIRM]
    • Abigail Mead (1770-1854)  [CONFIRM]
    • Isaac Mead (1724-1774)  [CONFIRM]
    • Deborah Mead (1770-1864)   [CONFIRM]
  • Henrietta McBride’s great grandparents
    • Samuel McBride (about 1740-before 1789)  [CONFIRM]
    • Margaret Brown (about 1744-after 1794)  [CONFIRM]
    • Gideon Mead (about 1743-1814)  [CONFIRM]
    • Martha Fiske (about 1750-1813)  [CONFIRM]
    • Michael Mead (about 1744-unknown)  [CONFIRM]
    • Freelove Barker (about 1746-unknown)  [CONFIRM]
    • Nehemiah Mead (1747-1822)  [CONFIRM]
    • Sarah or Sally Newcomb (1752-1840)  [CONFIRM]
  • Henrietta McBride’s great great grandparents
    • (male) McBride (about 1716-unknown)  [NO KNOWN DIRECT DNA LINKS]
    • (female) McBride (about 1718-unknown)  [NO KNOWN DIRECT DNA LINKS]
    • (male) Brown (about 1720-unknown)  [NO KNOWN DIRECT DNA LINKS]
    • [Margaret Davison (1723-1805)]  [UNDOCUMENTED RELATIONSHIP] (one autosomal DNA match through Margaret Brown’s possible sibling George Richard Brown (1754-1822))
    • Enos Mead (1721-after 1794)  [CONFIRM]
    • Millicent (Meleason) Mead (1724-after 1774)  [CONFIRM]
    • Jonathan Fiske (1706-1756)  [CONFIRM]
    • Charity or Abigail Mead (1710-unknown)  [CONFIRM]
    • Enos Mead (1721-after 1794)  [REPEAT FROM ABOVE]
    • Millicent (Meleason) Mead (1724-after 1774)  [REPEAT FROM ABOVE]
    • Nehemiah Mead (1721-1764)  [CONFIRM]
    • Sarah Barton (1723-unknown)  [CONFIRM]
    • Cyrenius Newcomb (1721-1760)  [CONFIRM]
    • Sarah Smith (1723-unknown)  [CONFIRM]

Belnap Family Baby Switch

Story of how Eva Marie Belnap (1924-2006), who was married at the time to Cecil B. Williams, gave birth to a son, Rodney A. (biologically a Williams but who grew up as a Fisher), who was switched at birth by Eva’s mother, Martha Davis Kershaw (1891-1975), wife of Emory Belnap (1891-1961), with another child, Emory Gene (biologically a Fisher but who grew up as a Williams):

  • Atkinson, Parker. “Baby switch: How a Mormon family dealt with the fallout of a decades old secret,” Deseret News, 11 Aug 2017  [TO COME]

 

Last update:  30 Mar 2023

Leave a Reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *